International Conference on Chemical Engineering (ICCHE) 2020

Paper ID 012: Extraction and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan from Fungal Species Aspergillus niger and Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Mizanul Hoque, Shaafique Chowdhury, Parisa Farzeen, Md. Masirul Afroz and Nafisa Islam*

Abstract

Chitosan is a biopolymer having a broad range of applications in different fields, such as medical, agricultural, water treatment etc. due to its multifunctional properties. Fungal cell wall containing chitosan can be more advantageous than other sources of chitosan (crustaceans etc.) because of its high degree of deacetylation (DD%), antimicrobial activity and homogeneity in polymer. In previous studies, sporulated Saccharomyces cerevisiae and A.niger was investigated as a potential sources of chitosan. The objective of this study is to characterize the extracted fungal chitosan and investigate their antibacterial activity. S. cerevisiae was obtained from the local market and, the effect of ammonium acetate and sodium acetate on the sporulation of yeast was observed. The S. cerevisiae was cultured in nutrition starvation condition with sodium acetate as a non-fermentable carbon source and ammonium acetate was used to investigate its action as a sporulation medium on chitosan. The sporulation was performed for 3 and 5 days to investigate the effect of cultivation duration. The data obtained from the study show the potentiality of sodium acetate to get a higher yield of chitosan (36 mg/g for 5 days’ cultivation) and sporulation inhibiting action of ammonium acetate was observed. A. niger was cultured in potato dextrose broth, then chitosan was extracted from the mycelia of A. niger through treatment with sodium hydroxide and acetic acid. The extracted fungal chitosan were characterized using FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) and DD% obtained for chitosan from both fungal sources were between 65% to 66%. Antibacterial property for chitosan from A niger was checked on E.coli and for chitosan from S cerevisiae was checked on Staphylococcus aureus. At 1% (10g/L) concentration, A niger based fungal chitosan had a good inhibition zone, with an average diameter of 11.5 mm. At a concentration of 3 g/L, S cerevisiae chitosan had shown the maximum inhibition zone diameter of 15.38 mm. Commercially available (shrimp) chitosan was used to compare the antibacterial activity of chitosan, which gave a zone of inhibition of 9.2mm. Thus the fungal chitosan showed comparatively better antimicrobial properties against two types of bacteria.

Presented by

Mizanul Hoque

Institution

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

Keywords

Paper No. 12, Fungal Chitosan, Antimicrobial Properties, Zone of Inhibtion

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Available December 20 and 21st. 5.00pm to 6pm

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Paper ID 015: Municipal Solid Waste Management by Extracting Bio-Fertilizer

1Farzad Hossain, 2Arafat A. Bhuiyan, 3Afshana Morshed, 4Ahmed Kadhim Hussein

Abstract

Municipal solid waste has been grown into one of the serious issues in Bangladesh. The swift broadening of urbanization and unbridled urban sprawl seriously degrades the environment, natural resources, and therefore undermines equitable and sustainable development. In this paper, the main focus has been given on the extraction of bio-fertilizer from municipal solid waste. The objective of the paper is to identify the recent potential of municipal solid waste, to reveal the existing municipal solid waste management practice, to determine the efficient way of extracting bio-fertilizer from municipal waste from a few alternatives and to suggest the best-suited policy of waste management. Decentralization of the dumping site can be a suitable option for waste transportation and composting. When people throw residential waste on the road, it is necessary to collect the waste so that it can be transported to the dumping site. Moreover, biodegradable waste can produce ecologically sustainable organic bio-fertilizer by utilizing the composting. The production of compost needs proper management, a lot of manpower, strategic depth and funding so that it is necessary to ensure responsibility and awareness of the public. It has been found that the mean compost generation is more than 55 kg/month and mean moisture content is around 24%. Additionally, finished compost has very good quality and huge profits can be earned per day by selling compost.

Presented by

Farzad Hossain

Institution

1,2Islamic University of Technology, 3University of Wollongong, 4University of Babylon

Keywords

Paper No. 15, Urbanization, Sustainable development, Bio-fertilizer, Municipal solid waste, Dumping, Awareness

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Available December 20-21 5:30-7:00 pm BDT

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Paper ID 034: Prospects of Bio Fuel Generation for Transport from Food Waste

Farian Mehjabin and Tashfiqul Islam

Abstract

World is heading towards the crisis of fossil fuel. By 2050 the supply of fossil fuel will come to an end with a flat market rise of 5 per cent. In order to cope with the current situation and minimize reliance on imported coal, the Government of Bangladesh is promoting the use of renewable energy sources. The Hydrothermal Liquefaction (HTL) approach to generate bio energy from food waste is a promising alternative that does not require pre-drying of the feedstock compared to the thermal conversion process of manufacturing biofuel. Another advantage is that the resulting bio-oil is composed not only from lipids but also from carbohydrates and proteins that increase the overall yield of the product. The hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass has been previously shown to produce more energy than it consumes. This means that the process could be run by burning part of the oil/char it produces and have a percentage left over which can be chemically upgraded to produce transportation fuels. In this sense, HTL bio-oil is directly comparable to fossil crude oil.

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation has reported that roughly one-third of all food (1.3 billion tons/year) produced for human consumption is wasted globally. The disposal of such huge biomass has become a challenge. In the context of Bangladesh, wedding ceremonies in particular are the epicentre of food waste.

To date, there has been no formal survey of how much food is actually wasted during Bangladeshi weddings, but researches says about 10- 20 % of the food served at weddings goes to waste. By engaging them with HTL, existing food wastage problem too can be mitigated effectively.

Presented by

Farian Mehjabin and Tashfiqul Islam

Institution

Shahjalal University of Science and Technology

Keywords

Hydrothermal Liquefaction, bio oil, food waste.

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Available December 20th, 6-7 pm.

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Paper ID 036: An Analysis on the Morbidity of Slum Dwellers: A Case Study of Rajshahi City.

Md. Shahriar Ahmed, Md. Ashiqur Rahman, Md. Alif-Al-Maruf, Antar Banik, Md. Abdul Momin, Nazia Hossain, Md. Sakib Zubayer

Abstract

Rajshahi, a divisional city of Bangladesh with a population masses of 0 .44 million where a significant number of people live in the slum area. The morbidity in the slum is higher than in any other place due to the poor environmental and infrastructural conditions. Different slum areas of Rajshahi city such as Talaimari Slum, Vodra Slum, Padma Residential Area Slum have been selected for the study where morbidity is a crucial issue. The aim of the study is to find out the causes and degree of morbidity of slum dwellers. For data collection, a household questionnaire survey of sample size 88 has been done. A systematic sampling method has been used for the survey. The obtained data has been analyzed with MS Office tool. The study shows that the environment of the slums is messy and unhygienic. It is found that 90% of the people suffer from diarrhea, dysentery, or fever and about 83% of their age is 40 or above. It also has been found that the morbidity rate is higher among illiterate people and almost three-fourth of the slum people are illiterate or primary educated. This study has some findings that some dustbins, well drainage system, as well as health complex, should be placed in order to reduce this morbidity problem of the slum dwellers. As this study picked almost all the possible causes of morbidity so it will help the concerned authority with valuable information for the future improvement of the slum dwellers.

Presented by

Antar Banik

Institution

Department of Urban & Regional Planning, Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology (RUET), Bangladesh

Keywords

Paper No. 36, Slum, Morbidity, Systematic sampling, Disease.

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Available 20 & 21 December, 2020 , (5:30 pm to 7:00 pm)

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Paper ID 041: An efficient LCSoft tool for Life Cycle Assessment of Chemical Process case studies

Orakotch Padungwatanaroj, Arisa Robin, Nichakorn Kuprasertwong, Rafiqul Gani and Kornkanok Udomwong

Abstract

Life Cycle Assessment or LCA is a technique to evaluate and analyze environmental impacts through the entire life cycle of products and its associated processes. A computer-aided tool, LCSoft has been developed for thorough and reliable LCA related calculations. Although several commercial tools for LCA analysis are available, however, a simple and easy to use tool that integrated with other computer-aided tools needed for the LCA calculation, can help to perform LCA based analysis more efficiently and reliably. Therefore, LCSoft was integrated with other tools such as process simulation & design software, economic analysis and sustainability analysis as data from these tools are needed for the LCA related calculations. Options for normalization of data, sensitivity analysis, the uncertainty of estimations, alternative comparison and eco-efficiency evaluation (water scarcity and ecological footprints) are also available as results. LCA related calculations are based on Life Cycle Impact categories (LCIA), including midpoint and endpoint impacts. Also, LCSoft can estimate water scarcity footprint and ecological footprint at different locations and periods of time. For a given problem, LCsoft will analyze the production with respect to raw material sources, all stages of product life, and every section of the manufacturing processes to calculate the emissions and wastes. It will also point out the process hotspots such that targets for improvement can be defined. The presentation will highlight the easy-used of software architecture, the different options that are available and its application will be highlighted through three case studies: Bioethanol production, Cumene production and Hydrodealkylation of Toluene (HDA processes).

Presented by

Orakotch Padungwatanaroj

Institution

PSE for SPEED Company Limited

Keywords

Life Cycle Assessment, Life Cycle Inventory, Sustainable process design, Environmental impact, Bioethanol case study

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Paper ID 042: Computer-Aided Tool for Fast, Efficient and Sustainable Process Flowsheet Design

Arisa Robin, Orakotch Padungwatanaroj, Nichakorn Kuprasertwong, Anjan Tula and Rafiqul Gani

Abstract

Process synthesis and design are well-known concepts in the process development. While process synthesis aims to find the optimal process flowsheets among numerous alternatives using known unit operations, process design aims to determine optimal values for the process operating variables in a given flowsheet subject to the same process and performance criteria. Currently, the aim is also to find sustainable process designs, that promote sustainable technologies through efficient use of resources in order to reduce or minimize energy usage, time, environmental impact and resource wastage, unnecessary costs, bottlenecks, and many more. The main difficulty is how to achieve the optimal processing route and associated process operation design reliably, efficiently, and systematically that are also sustainable. In this work, a computer-aided tool, ProCAFD (Tula et al 2019) is presented that employs a multi-scale framework and a suite of associated computer-aided tools, which helps to synthesize, design, analyze and innovate all feasible flowsheet process alternatives as well as to identify more sustainable alternatives. ProCAFD can generate all the process alternatives for a given problem and quickly screen them to find the best alternative through a process-groups based method as well as superstructure-based mathematical programming. It is also integrated with external simulators such as ICAS, ASPEN PLUS and Pro/II where the simulator input file is automatically created for any selected process flowsheet that has been generated. Based on the process simulation results, ProCAFD has a collection of integrated analysis tools for various types of analysis, such as economic, life cycle, sustainability and process safety to identify process bottlenecks. Based on the identified bottlenecks (process hotspots), design targets for process improvement are defined and also analyze for process integration and intensification using another set of tools, new alternatives that match the targets for improvement are determined. The application of this computer-aided tool is illustrated through several case studies involving industrially important processes where in each case study, ProCAFD is able to generate new and innovative solutions than the ones reported in the literature. The presentation will highlight new features, such as generation of alternatives through process integration and intensification, updated analysis tools, improved user-interface and links to external computer-aided tools.

Presented by

Arisa Robin

Institution

PSE for SPEED Company Limited

Keywords

Process synthesis, Process design, ProCAFD, Sustainable technology, Process integration, Process intensification

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Paper ID 043: Fast, Efficient & Reliable Chemical Properties Estimation through a New Class of Software Tools

Nichakorn Kuprasertwong, Arisa Robin, Orakotch Padungwatanaroj, Surat Areerat, Anjan Kumar Tula, Lei Zhang, Rafiqul Gani

Abstract

Chemical properties are needed for both product and process design. In process design, chemical properties are used to determine the process conditions (temperature, pressure, and/or composition) that match the design objectives. In chemical product design, the reverse problem of properties calculation is performed, that is, for a given set of desired properties, the molecular structures or their mixtures that match the properties are identified. Also, both in process and product evaluation, property models and associated databases play an important role in process and product simulations as the models used in these simulations, need to use a large collection of property models. Therefore, the knowledge of physical and thermodynamic properties is a basic requirement for performing tasks related to process design, simulation, and optimization as well as design of chemicals-based products. While use of experimental property values is desirable, laboratory measurements may be time consuming, expensive, and, in many cases it is not practically feasible to perform the necessary experiments because of reasons of safety and/or chemical stability. Therefore, the focus has been to develop property models and tools that can reliably estimate the needed chemical properties, reliably and efficiently. For this reason, ProCAPE, a toolbox for property estimation as well as data search has been developed to provide an integrated platform to support various process-product related computer-aided applicationsProCAPE contains nine toolboxes with specific functions: Model Generation for new models, Property Model tuning, Molecular structure analysis, Database Manager for search and retrieve, Property Estimation for Pure compounds, Property Estimation for mixtures (Organic chemical systems, Electrolyte systems, Reactive systems and Solid-solvent analysis) covering VLE, LLE, SLE phase behaviour. In addition, an online tool called Properties on Demand, offering database search for properties of organic chemicals and prediction of pure component properties is available (free of charge through the internet). The models include regressed correlations, cubic and non-cubic equations of state, excess Gibbs energy-based models, group-contribution (GC) based property models, sigma-profile based phase equilibrium calculation options and many more. Also, special GC-based property models for lipids, ionic liquid and amino-acids are also available along with a large collection of data. The molecular structure analysis tool gives the groups and connectivity indexes that represent the structure of any user-specified molecule. The model generation tool helps to test, implement and data to the model library any new property model of interest. The presentation will highlight the software structure, the main features of ProCAPE and use of these features in many product-process related applications. The software is free for use through a remote-connection.

Presented by

Nichakorn Kuprasertwong

Institution

PSE for SPEED Company Limited

Keywords

ProCAPE, Properties Estimation, Properties on Demand, Phase equilibrium computations, Chemicals, Electrolytes, Amino Acids, Lipids

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Paper ID 044: Computer Aided Tool for Chemical Product Design: New Features and Applications

Orakotch Padungwatanaroj, Arisa Robin, Nichakorn Kuprasertwong, Anjan Kumar Tula, Lei Zhang and Dr. Rafiqul Gani

Abstract

The demand for better and more versatile chemical products is continuously growing, thereby giving the industrial sector as well as academia the opportunity to design and develop new product taking into account aspects of sustainability. Consequently, product design has become an important task in product development and/or improvement. ProCAPD, (Kalakul et al. 2017) Computer Aided Tool for Chemical Product Design, has been developed to guide the product developer through the various design calculation steps in the same way as a chemical process simulator helps the process engineer in the design of chemical processes. In principle, it helps the product design engineer to quickly search for chemical substances as feasible substitutes; to identify candidate products based on a set of desired properties and/or functions; to evaluate and/or verify existing products; to optimize product formulations and/or selection and many more. ProCAPD has a suite of databases containing a very large collection of data of various types; different design strategies (database search, generate and test strategy and mathematical programming based optimization); design templates (single species, blends, formulations, functional products as well as devices); modelling and simulation (properties of chemical systems, simulation of product functions, process applications, modelling toolbox); numerical tools (in-house solvers and links to external solvers). The presentation will highlight new features of ProCAPD that have been added, for example, extended databases (refrigerants, lipids, ionic liquids, active ingredients, and adsorption materials, etc., in addition to chemicals, aroma compounds, solvents, etc.); new solution strategies such as OptCAMD (Zhang et al. 2018) for optimal design of single species and formulated products; and increased design templates for a wider range of chemical products. Also, the presentation will highlight the application of ProCAPD to a number of product design case studies, such as, chemical substitution through database search; optimal solvent and blended fuel design; product evaluation through simulation of product performance; and use of template based chemical product design.

Presented by

Orakotch Padungwatanaroj

Institution

PSE for SPEED Company Limited

Keywords

Chemical product design, Product-process simulator, Database, Blends, Formulations, Functional products, Chemical properties

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Paper ID 045: Effect of single and mixed inoculum on biogas yield during dry anaerobic digestion of organic municipal solid waste

Md. Shahadat Hossain, Md. Anisur Rahman, Tahmid ul Karim, Mahade Hassan Onik, Abu Yousuf

Abstract

Organic municipal solid waste (OMSW) - a potential energy source - is creating serious environmental hazards across Bangladesh, but it can be digested for biogas production to meet the ever-increasing energy demand of the country. The present study applied the dry anaerobic digestion (DAD) process for biogas production from OMSW with inoculum cow manure (CM) and anaerobic sludge (AS) in single and mixed modes. The performance of the DAD process was evaluated in batch digesters with a multilayer inoculum flow pattern maintained at the constant mesophilic condition of 37 °C. Firstly, CM and AS were studied individually, and later on, both of them were used together in different ratios (AS:CM = 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 2:1) to maximize the biogas yield from the DAD process. CM alone produced a total of 3460 ml biogas over 35 days of DAD while this yield was increased to 3835 ml for mixed inoculum at the ratio of 1:3. These results imply that mixed-mode inoculums would be a promising option in the DAD process for biogas production which will reduce both the energy scarcity and the burden of municipal solid waste (MSW) management.

Presented by

Tahmid ul Karim <tahmid.cep41@gmail.com>

Institution

Department of Chemical Engineering and Polymer Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh

Keywords

Municipal solid waste (MSW), Dry anaerobic digestion (DAD), Biogas, mixed inoculum, Mesophilic condition.

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Available December 20th 5:30pm - 8pm

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Paper ID 046: Energy Recovery from Alcohol Distillery Spent Wash of Carew & Co.

Md Hasan Shahriar Raby, Mostofa Shoroar Shuvo, Md Shahadat Hossain, Abu Yousuf

Abstract

Distillery industry is one of the most important cause of environmental problems faced in management of wastewater. This is highly concentrated wastewater, which is characterized by high chemical oxygen demand (COD) values up to 80–100 kg O2/m3 and low pH values up to 4.38, high biological oxygen demand (BOD), phosphorus, ammonia, metal ions like copper and iron, as well as complex organic materials such as lignin, yeast cells, protein. One of the methods of distillery spent wash utilization is anaerobic fermentation with the production of biogas which is an alternative source of energy beyond fossil fuel as the storage of fossil fuel is limited. For this study we chose batch anaerobic fermentation process. Our study mainly focuses on analysis of the production rate of biogas as well as methane with respect to spent wash feed and energy recovery from spent wash.

Presented by

Md Hasan Shahriar Raby

Institution

Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet

Keywords

Paper No. 46, Anaerobic fermentation, Chemical oxygen demand, Biological oxygen demand, Complex organic material

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Available December 21th 5:30pm -7:pm;December 22th 5:30pm -7:pm;

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Paper ID 057: A PARAMETRIC STUDY ON CO-FEEDING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AND COAL IN AN IGCC POWER PLANT WITH PRE-COMBUSTION CARBON CAPTURE

Md. Shahriar Hossain, Suprio Kamal, Mahbub Chowdhury, Md. Tariful Islam and Kawnish Kirtania

Abstract

Municipal solid waste (MSW) is one of the top contributors in greenhouse gas (i.e. methane) emissions - particularly from landfill disposals. However, it could be a remarkable source of renewable energy. In Bangladesh, generation of municipal solid waste is at least 2.7 million tonne per year in the major cities, implying a heavy environmental burden. On the other hand, there are several coal-based power plants are in the pipeline to meet the increasing energy demand in Bangladesh with the potential of significant CO2 emission. To find a remedy to the above situation, a power plant using Integrated Gasification and Combined Cycle (IGCC) technology with pre-combustion carbon capture is considered in this study. IGCC has the advantage of producing high-quality syngas from a wide variety of feed, and assists in the capture of CO2 at a lower cost while providing high electric efficiency. The power plant was simulated by commercial simulation packages (Aspen PLUS™ and Aspen HYSYS™) using MSW and bituminous coal (Indonesian) as a combined feed. With a feed rate of 1800 tonne per day, Syngas produced from an entrained flow type gasifier was then treated for CO2 removal using mono-ethanol amine (MEA) solvent after a necessary shift in a high temperature shift reactor. About 91% efficiency was achieved in the shift reactor while the CO2 capture efficiency was varied for this study from 50% to 90%. Further parametric variation was studied by varying the moisture content of MSW and MSW to coal feed ratio. Through combustion of the H2 rich syngas in a gas turbine and subsequent steam cycle with reheat resulted in 125 MW of electricity at an efficiency of 28.95% while capturing 60% of the CO2 generated in the process for an MSW to Coal feed ratio of 1:1. With variation in moisture content especially during monsoon season, the plant efficiency could be affected remarkably. On the other hand, it was observed that the energy requirement varied from 6 to 8 MW for every 10% increase in CO2 capture quantity. Overall, by capturing 50% of the generated CO2, it is possible to reduce the emission of a same size ultra-supercritical coal-based power plant from about 700 kg CO2/MWh to about 410 kg CO2/MWh incorporating co-feeding and pre-combustion capture in an IGCC power plant.

Presented by

Md. Tariful Islam

Institution

Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

Keywords

Paper No. 57, MSW, Gasification, Waste to Energy, IGCC, CO2 Capture, Clean Energy

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Available December 20-21 , 5.30 pm - 7.00 pm

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Paper ID 066: LPG STORAGE SAFETY AND RISK ASSESSMENT

Ifat Sharmin, Easir A. Khan

Abstract

In this study a risk analysis has been performed to determine possible accidental events in the storage tank of liquefied petroleum gas. The objective is to identify potential hazards and evaluate risk of LPG tank using Bow Tie method, HAZOP and a quantitative approach. HAZOP carries out a structured analysis of the process and allows identifying the deviations that may take place with regard to the intended functioning, as well as their causes and consequences. The Bow tie(BT) risk analysis approach represents a complete scenario starting from accident causes and ending with its consequences. In order to have a quantitative analysis of risks, using frequency of failure data from literature, frequency data is estimated for each scenario which works on the basis of Bayesian theorem.

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Presented by

Ifat Sharmin

Institution

Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology

Keywords

LPG, HAZOP, Bow tie, Bayesian theorem

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Paper ID 070: A highly sensitive poly-arginine based MIP sensor for selective detection of important drugs

Md. Sadek Bacchu, Md. Romzan Ali, Dr. Md. Zaved Hossain Khan*

Abstract

In this experiment, highly effective electrochemical sensor based on a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) has been developed for ultrasensitive detection of drugs. The sensor was made by incorporating of drug as a template molecule during the electropolymerization of poly-arginine (P-Arg) on a glassy carbon electrode. The modified electrode (GCE/P-Arg@MIP) was characterized by voltammetric and microscopic techniques. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method was used to detect target analyte under the optimum condition. The DPV response of GCE to drugs was linear at 0.1× 10−9 to 10× 10−6 mol L-1 (R2 = 0.996), with a detection limit (S/N = 3) of 0.1× 10−9 mol L-1. Moreover, the proposed sensor shows satisfactory recovery ranges for the determination of drugs in commercially available samples.

Presented by

Md. Sadek Bacchu

Institution

Jashore University of Science and Technology

Keywords

Molecular Imprinted Sensor (MIP), Dimetridazole (DMZ)

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Paper ID 073: Anti-diabetic Effect of Plant-Based Natural Extract on Artificially Induced Diabetic Rats

Mahbub Chowdhury, Md. Tariful Islam, A.K.M Zakir Hossain, S.M. Riajul Wahab and Shoeb Ahmed

Abstract

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder associated with an increased level of glucose in the blood due to inefficient or inadequate insulin secretory response. Currently, available hypoglycemic drugs manage blood glucose by providing insulin, improving insulin sensitivity, increasing insulin secretion, but many of them possess adverse effects. On the other hand, natural products are a rich source of biologically active compounds and therefore have tremendous potential as nutraceuticals resource. Many of today's medicine is based on specific active components extracted from natural resources such as medicinal plants. This study is designed to explore and assess the efficacy of medicinal plants against diabetes that might not have side effects, unlike existing hypoglycemic agents. Here, the hypoglycemic effects of the methanolic extract of Adhatoda zeylanica, Centella asiatica, Allamanda cathartica has been evaluated against alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Alloxan causes selective destruction of beta cells that are involved in the production of insulin. The deficiency of insulin after alloxan treatment leads to an elevated blood glucose in the mice. All the mice were divided into eight groups, each containing four. After the oral administration of 250 mg/kg BW, 400 mg/kg BW of the methanolic extract, blood samples were collected for 4 hours with 1-hour interval, and the blood glucose level was estimated. One negative control group and one positive control group was also studied for comparison. This study suggested that the extract of Adhatoda zeylanica and Centella asiatica produced a significant hypoglycemic effect. Standard drug reduced the blood glucose level to 48% after 4 hours whereas Adhatoda zeylanica and Centella asiatica at a dose of 400mg/kg B.W reduced the blood glucose level to 40.6% and 29.5%. The anti-diabetic activity may attribute to the bioactive compounds available in the extract. Detail phytochemical screening, in-depth mechanism studies, long term side effects, toxicity, clinical trials can lead to effective and safe anti-diabetic agents.

Presented by

Mahbub Chowdhury

Institution

Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology

Keywords

Anti-diabetic, In-vivo studies, Natural Extract, Nutraceuticals, Insulin

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Available December 20-21 5.30PM-7PM

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Paper ID 089: Phytoremediation for Chromium Removal from Tannery Waste Contaminated Area

Ashiqur Rahman, Tanjina Tarannum, Razia Sultana and Syeda Sultana Razia

Abstract

The objective of present study is to explore the potential of phytoremediation for soil treatment of a tannery waste contaminated area with a particular focus on trivalent chromium removal. A study area of 40276.18 sq. meter located southwest to central Hazaribagh thana, Dhaka, was selected for this purpose. The study includes assessment of chromium contamination of soil in the study area followed by pot experiment with selected plants for the respective contamination range. Soil and plant samples collected from eight different locations were tested using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FLAAS) for the presence of trivalent chromium. Soil contamination of trivalent chromium was found to be as high as 33984 mg/kg dry soil. Furthermore, chromium concentration at every sampling point exceeded the limit recommended by EU guideline. The chromium uptake by different plant roots collected from the study area varied from 5.32 mg/kg to 2496.6 mg/kg dry plant. Among eight plant samples, three species, namely, Spilanthes acmella, Triumfetta rhomboidea and Cyperus sp. showed highest chromium uptake. Two plant species namely, Brassica nipus (mustard), Helianthus annuus (sunflower) were selected for pot experiment to compare their performance as a hyper-accumulator. Previous experimental studies suggest mustard and sunflower as potential hyper-accumulator of chromium. Additionally, both of them have growth potential in local environment. The pot experiment with the selected species were conducted for a duration of forty days in winter using soil samples mixed with chromium(III) sulfate having concentration from 100 - 20000 mg/kg dry soil. Plant growth rate and chromium uptake for each species were recorded. Both Brassica nipus (mustard), Helianthus annuus (sunflower) exhibited reasonable growth and significant chromium uptake.

Presented by

Tanjina Tarannum <tanjinatarannum@ug.che.buet.ac.bd>

Institution

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering

Keywords

Hyperaccumulators, Chromium, Hazaribagh tannery area, Phytoremediation

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Available Dec 20, 2020 05:30- 6:30 PM

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Paper ID 091: Technical and Economic Aspects of Reusing Textile Effluent as Process Water: A Case Study of Denim Washing Factory

Mesbah Ahmad, Majed Alam Abir, Mohidus Samad Khan*

Abstract

Textile and apparel industries are the major role-players in the fast-growing economy of Bangladesh. However, the textile sector consumes a large amount of water for various wet processing operations. Currently 98% of the water used by local textile factories is groundwater, which is causing depletion of ground water levels at a high rate. Considering the gravity of groundwater crisis in future, Bangladesh Government and international brands and retailers are advocating local textile factories to reuse textile effluents and implement ZLD (zero liquid discharge) option in the upcoming years. However, it is a new concept for Bangladesh textile sector, and there is limited understanding regarding technical and economic issues associated to advanced treatment and reusing textile effluent. In this paper, a case study is presented to demonstrate advanced treatment of conventional ETP (effluent treatment plant) treated water of a denim washing factory, and to analyse corresponding technical and economic issues of water recycling and reusing. The selected denim washing factory runs a conventional biological effluent treatment plant (ETP) which satisfies the basic requirements of national and international standards. For advanced treatment, a mobile setup of ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) unit was used at factory premises to further treat ETP treated water. The advanced treatment was carried out for three different permeate to reject ratio to observe changes in the permeate and reject water quality. Capital expenditure and operational costs were also assessed to see the economic feasibility of the approach. This study will help local textile factories with real time data to understand the technical and economic issues associated to reusing textile wastewater as process water.

Presented by

Mesbah Ahmad <93mesbah@gmail.com>

Institution

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology,

Keywords

Poster ID 91

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Available 20 December, 2020 @5.30 pm -7.00 pm; 21 December, 2020 @5.30 pm -7.00 pm

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Paper ID 110: Optimal Site Selection of Solar Power Plants in Bangladesh Using Fuzzy Logic

Md. Hasan Ali, Md. Abubakar Siddique, Tanveer Mahmud Silva

Abstract

Bangladesh is considerably focusing on taking notable actions for ensuring access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for 100% of its population by 2030 through significant investments to solar energy as one of its major Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Site selection for solar power plants is a critical issue requiring huge financial investments, output energy issues, weather factors, and environmental conservation issues. In this study, optimal site selection for solar power plants was made by using fuzzy logic, considering six criteria (solar radiation, sunshine hours, average temperature, distance to grid transmission lines, tendency to natural disaster, and average rainfall) for five locations (Chapai Nawabganj, Jessore, Chakaria, Laksham, and Tangail). Criteria weight preference ratings and alternative site preference ratings were extracted from four decision-makers. Tangail (index value=1.605) is selected as the most preferable location according to fuzzy index set. The results of the paper demonstrate the optimal potential site for deploying solar power plants in Bangladesh.

Presented by

Md. Abubakar Siddique

Institution

Bangladesh Army University of Science and Technology, Department of Industrial and Production Engineering

Keywords

Fuzzy logic, Renewable energy, Sustainable development, Site selection

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Available December 21, 5-7 PM

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Paper ID 111: Convective Drying of Banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) Peel: Kinetics and Mathematical Modeling

Maisa Rahman, Taiaba Binte Hossain, Sadia Sattar, Md. Sajjad Hossain, Pabitra Chandra Das*

Abstract

A significant amount of banana peels is generated annually and dumped as waste material. But, this micronutrients and phytochemicals enriched peel can be used in different foodstuffs in the powder form. In this study, drying kinetics of blanched (hot water and steam) and unblanched banana peels (control) have been investigated. Peels of fully ripe banana have been removed manually and were dried at 60°C by using a convective hot air dryer. Obtained data were fitted with different mathematical models to find the best model for the prediction of drying characteristics. It was found that both the hot water and steam blanched peels dried faster than the unblanched peels and the hot water blanched peels had the highest drying rate constants (0.43-0.58/h), followed by steam blanched (0.39-0.51/h) and control (0.32-0.43/h). Blanching also influenced the changes of effective moisture diffusivity over the drying time. Mathematical modeling resulted that the logarithmic model was the fitted model for predicting the drying parameters of the banana peel (R2 ≥ 0.98029; χ2 ≤ 0.00016, and RMSE ≤ 0.01202).

Presented by

Taiaba Binte Hossain <taiababindu.ruet@gmail.com>

Institution

Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology, Department of Chemical and Food Process Engineering

Keywords

Paper No. 111, Banana peel, Blanching, Hot air drying, Rate constants, Mathematical modeling

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Available December 20th 5.30-7.00 pm

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Paper ID 120: Improvement of mechanical properties of nanocomposite hydrogel using metal ion binding

Hridoy Roy, Sumaia Afroz, M. Amzad Hossain, Chanchal K. Roy, Shakhawat H. Firoz

Abstract

Nanocomposite hydrogels are a fascinating domain for current research for advanced functional applications of hydrogel in different fields such as biomedical and industrial engineering. Here, nanocomposite hydrogels especially, which are fabricated with hydrophilic nanomaterials such as nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC), chitin, silica etc. often face the problem of high swelling disintegration and weak mechanical properties.The weak cross-linking ability of the nanomaterials inside the nanocomposite hydrogels is responsible for the limitation. In this work, we have presented a design to prepare mechanically tough nanocomposite hydrogels through the formation of a polymer network facilitated by metal ion binding. Here, polyacrylic acid-dicarboxylic nanocrystalline cellulose (PAAc-DCNC) hydrogel was prepared by the free radical polymerization. The hydrogel demonstrated weak performance in terms of Young’s modulus, toughness and mechanical strength. Interestingly, when the synthesized PAAc-DCNC hydrogel was immersed in aqueous ferrous sulfate (FeSO4) solutio, the mechanical performance of the hydrogel was improved. This exhibited 137.50kPa of tensile strength, which was superior (4 times) compared to the PAAc-DCNC hydrogel, which was 34.5 kPa. This has been attributed due to the incorporation of metal ions viz. Fe2+. The physicochemical bonding of Fe2+ has introduced a new type of crosslinked network in the nanocomposite hydrogel. The swelling measurement of the hydrogels also suggested the control of the swelling disintegration of the hydrogel. This work gives valuable molecular insight into understanding and designing double cross-linking tough gels for versatile applications.

Presented by

Hridoy Roy

Institution

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

Keywords

Double-network, hydrogel nanocomposite ,nanocrystalline cellulose, metal ion binding

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Paper ID 121: Investigation of Electrical Double Layer Capacitance (EDLC) Behavior of Activated Carbon Derived from Waste Tire

Mysha Momtaz, Akter H. Reaz, Yeasin A. Tarek, Ragib Shakil, Nusrat Jahan, Ayesha Sharmin, Chanchal K. Roy, Shakhawat H. Firoz

Abstract

With an ever-increasing demand for energy supply and environmental sustainability, the search for sustainable energy resources is a dire need. Supercapacitor is one of such energy storage devices that has a huge application in the field of energy related technologies. Especially supercapacitors having an electrode material with desirable EDLC behavior is of prime interest as most of the commercial aspects prefer to utilize materials possessing non-faradaic EDLC nature. Usually, activated carbons are a good option for fulfilling these desirable criteria. In this study, a primary observation on the performance of waste tire residue has been conducted with an aim to develop an alternative source of energy storage material for efficient design and fabrication of electrodes in supercapacitors. The raw tire samples were converted into char by pyrolysis method at 450 °C accompanied with extraction of some liquid petroleum products. The char sample was then purified by acid treatment to obtain activated carbon (AC). The electrochemical supercapacitor performance of the ACs were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry in a three-electrode system using aqueous 0.5 M Na2SO4 electrolyte solution. Rectangular shape of the cyclic voltammogram confirmed the existence of stable electrical double layer formation. The large values of the specific capacitance demonstrated the high performance of the material. The morphology and a more detailed study of electrochemical performance indicated its real-life applicability. Overall, this study presents a predictive concept of the conversion of waste to energy.

Presented by

Mysha Momtaz

Institution

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

Keywords

Supercapacitor, char, waste tire, sustainability, EDLC.

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Available December 21st 5:30-7 pm EST

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Paper ID 124: Production and Evaluation of Biodiesel from Pithraj (Aphanamixis polystachya) Seeds Available in Bangladesh

Hd. Razu Ahmmed , Md. Ikramul Hasan, Md. Golam Mortuza and Mohammad Ismail

Abstract

In this study, Pithraj (Aphanamixis polystachya) seed (PS) oil was used to produce biodiesel via trans-esterification process. The PS oil was extracted from seed using a soxhlet solvent extraction technique and the effect of temperature and heating rate on product distribution was investigated. The PS oil was pretreated (esterified) to combat the saponification reaction and other associated problems e.g., phase separation. The transesterification reaction was carried out under the following process conditions: addition of 50 wt.% methanol, 0.8 wt.% NaOH (both are on the basis of wt.% of PS oil addition), 60 °C reaction temperature and 90 min reaction time for which biodiesel yield was found 93.87%. Biodiesel produced from PS oil was characterized by various physico-chemical means and compared with international standards. The use of the produced biodiesel in blend with commercial diesel will bring a drastic change in fuel economy of the country, will ensure a clean and safe environment and will demonstrate a way for ‘Waste to Energy’.

Presented by

Hd. Razu Ahmmed <razu.nft2012@gmail.com>

Institution

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Keywords

Paper No. 124, Biodiesel, Transesterification Process, Pitharaj Seed, Waste management, Physico-chemical Properties, Clean energy PASSCODE: Passcode: 2KaVU8

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Available 21-december, 05:30 - 07:00 pm

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Paper ID 125: Natural Inorganic Nano Particles to Reduce Water Absorption of Nylon-Jute Composite

M.A. Islam1 , M.S. Haque2 , M.R. Hossain3

Abstract

For the development of polymer based green composites, the role of natural fibres is growing at an increasing rate in the field of engineering and technology. The inherent moisture absorption of nylon is also higher compared to other polymeric materials. At the same time, jute fibre is hydrophilic in nature that also increases the moisture absorption of the nylon-jute natural fibre reinforced polymer composites. This is a serious concern, especially for their outdoor applications. This article reports the experimental results on the effect of locally produced river based nano silica sand and natural clay particles to control the water absorption of nylon-jute composite. At first, 90% nylon and 10% untreated chopped jute fibre reinforced composite was developed. In the next stage, 1% locally produced natural inorganic nano particles (either silica or clay) were added separately in the nylon-jute composite to make nano particle reinforced composites. Then following standard procedure water absorption tests were conducted by immersing pure polyester and its various composite specimens into distilled water. After detail experimental study, the produced nano silica sand and clay particles have been revealed to be very effective for reducing water absorption tendency of the nylon-jute composites.

Presented by

M.S.HAQUE

Institution

Bangladesh university of engineering and technology

Keywords

Nylon, Jute fibre, Polymer composite, Nano silica sand, Nano clay, Water absorption

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Available 20-12-20 at 6 pm

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Paper ID 127: Endosome Membrane Coated Nanogel: An Advanced Treatment for Cervical Cancer

Arjan Saha, Kashfia Nehrin, Mahazabin Mim, Sourav Sutradhar

Abstract

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women in most developing countries including Bangladesh. Although, various drugs have been developed for cervical cancer, but treatment with these drugs often results in a number of undesirable side effects, toxicity and multidrug resistance (MDR). A nanogel is a nanoparticle composed of a hydrogel—crosslinked hydrophilic polymer networks that can absorb water and are flexible. In this study, an endosome membrane-coated nanogel (denoted as EM-NG) which is easily extracted from the source cancer cells for targeting and specific delivery of small molecular drug will be described. This pH-dependent drug release behavior can play a crucial role in tumor-targeted drug delivery via endocytosis pathway which will be shown via different analysis. Moreover, the advantages, disadvantages and application Sectors of this system and the future prospect of this biomimetic drug delivery system with selective targeting, prolonged circulation time and low immunogenicity will be discussed in this poster.

Presented by

Kashfia Nehrin

Institution

Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet

Keywords

Targeted drug delivery, Endosome membrane coated nanogel, pH dependent drug release, Biomimetic drug delivery

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Available December 20th 6:00-7:00 PM BDT, December 21th 6:00-7:00 PM BDT

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Paper ID 130: Bio Catalytic Treatment of Tannery Wastewater through Calcium Carbonate from Mollusca (Snail Shell)

Adhir Chandra paul, Md. Readul Alam Shuvo and Md. Moshiur Rahman Tushar

Abstract

Leather preparing is only the change of putrescible hide/skin into imputrescible calfskin and thusly, an immense measure of strong, fluid and vaporous waste is produced. During tanning activity, diverse tanning operators are utilized. Among them, Chromium(III) salts are the most generally utilized and a high level of chromium stays in the solids and fluids squanders (particularly as spent chrome liquor). Right now, we are presenting a feasible answer for exorcizing this enormous measure of chromium from Cr tanned waste liquor. The powder produced using locally accessible snail shells to expel chrome from Cr tanned waste liquor. Mollusca is generally known as snail shell which is effectively found in the neighborhood Bangladesh. Investigations were completed to get the optimum dose amount, contact time and kinetics of snail shell to get the ideal expulsion of chromium from Cr tanned wastewater. At improved conditions, 0.5g powder was mixed in with 50 ml chromium-containing wastewater for 10 minutes, fixed and afterwards chromium content in the filtrate was estimated by the titrimetric technique. The amount of chromium in the crude wastewater and filtrate was 3004.43 mg/L and 53.63 mg/L individually. The chromium expulsion proficiency was 99.14% at pH 10.8. The critical decrease was found on BOD, COD after treatment. So, the utilization of snail shells to expel chromium from Cr tanned wastewater could be considered fruitful and it tends to be a compelling answer for the issue made by chrome-tanned wastewater to the earth or the supportable waste administration.

Presented by

Moshiur Rahman Tushar

Institution

Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Department of Leather Engineering

Keywords

Paper No. 130, wastewater, chromium (III) salts, BOD and COD

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Available December 20, 2020, 5:30pm-7:00pm (BDT) and December 21, 2020, 5:30pm-7:00pm (BDT)

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Paper ID 131: Temperature Dependence of Magnetic Hysteresis Loop of V2O5 added Ni-Co-Zn Ferrites

Muhammad Samir Ullah, Md. Firoz Uddin, Rowshon Satara and Sm Rubayatul Islam

Abstract

We have observed the typical magnetic hysteresis loop for V2O5 added Ni-Co-Zn mixed ferrites with the formula Ni0.62Co0.03Zn0.35Fe2O4 + xV2O5 (where x = 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5wt%). These compositions were prepared by ceramic technology through standard solid state reaction method. The structural measurement of the samples was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique and all the prepared compositions belong to cubic spinel structure. The magnetic hysteresis loops were performed at different temperatures (300, 200, 100, 5K) using Quantum Design Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS) in the magnetic field up to 20 kOe. It was found that saturation magnetizations were increased when temperature decreases from 300K to 5K, where at each temperature the sample was cooled. The exchange energy between sub-lattices in ferrites are the responsible for the spontaneous alignment of dipoles. Due to decrease of the thermal energy, the saturation magnetizations were increased by the alignment of dipoles. The experimental magnetic moments were calculated for all compositions at different temperatures. The value of the experimental magnetic moments were found to be higher at 5K in compare to other temperatures. In order to determine the magnetic softness nature of the prepared samples, the coercive fields 〖(H〗_C) were observed from the magnetic hysteresis loop at different temperatures. The values of the coercive fields for all compositions are smaller (Hc <75 Oe). This indicates magnetically softness nature present in all samples which might be used in an engineering materials due to the technological point of view in electromagnetic devices.

Presented by

Muhammad Samir Ullah

Institution

Department of Physics, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Keywords

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Paper ID 132: Variations of Foot Measurement of Primary School Going Students through Binary Logistic Regression Analysis-A Case Study in Khulna Region

Adhir Chandra paul, Md. Nafis Sadik and Md. Shahedur Rahman Rony

Abstract

Human beings are treated as being bilaterally symmetrical. There is, however, an asymmetry in the length of the feet, regardless of sex or handiness. There are several variations between left and right foot length, width, girth, arch measurement and circumference as well as one foot length, width, girth, arch measurement or circumference may predict the other foot dimension by means of a mathematical model independent of the sex of the person. At young age children have various changes in their foot measurement Along with Height and Weight the changes in foot measurement are seen. Consequently, the present study was undertaken to establish the association between the left foot and the right foot in terms of length, width, girth height, weight, arch measurement and to define its acuteness, as well as to suggest a binary logistic mathematical model for the analysis and obtain definite conclusion about these variable with the changes. One hundred (100) normal students were selected for the study between the ages of 8 to 12 with no obvious deformities or prior history of trauma to the feet. Their foot length, width, Girth, Arch length & height and circumference were measured using the standard points, and the data were statistically analyzed for Binary Logistic Regression analysis. We see that at the case of length most of the students fall in medium category for both legs. For width we also have the same conclusion. Height and weight also show the most significance factors than other variables. Finally, this study would help to develop a proper sizing system of shoe regarding the school going students.

Presented by

Md. Nafis Sadik

Institution

Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Department of Leather Engineering

Keywords

Shoe sizing, Girth, arch measurement, Foot measurement, Standard points

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Available December 20, 2020, 5:30pm-7:00pm (BDT) and December 21, 2020, 5:30pm-7:00pm (BDT)

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Paper ID 133: Effect of Leather Trimming and Neem Fiber on the Mechanical and Thermal Property of Cement Based Materials

Adhir Chandra paul, Syed Ishmam Rakin and A.S.M. Ragib Ahasan Munna

Abstract

Leather sector is one of the emerging sectors in Bangladesh. At present, Bangladesh has 165 footwear and leather product factories; in addition, has 161 tanneries that process raw hides into finished leather. Out of the leather used, some of them generated a huge amount of leather wasted as raw edge trimmings, pattern cutting wastages etc. during finished product assembling. These wastages are not treated legitimately and tossed here and there, can cause an environmental threat like Chromium (Cr), Aluminium (Al) etc. and also percolate into the soil and can blend with the underground water which causes issues to crops or aquatic life. This study represents the effect of adding finished leather wastes and neem fiber in the building construction materials like sand and cement, besides that, to alleviate the hazardous impact of leather wastes. The developed sample was carried out different test like compression test, tensile strength test and thermal conductivity test. Obtained results show a significant decrease in density and mechanical strength in mortar with the increase of the adding of the materials. So far according to our study, the use of 1% of neem fiber might be taken into consideration because it showed the nearest value for strength test. On the other case, the use of 1% leather might be also considered for mortar, but its strength value is lesser than that of neem. In order to avoid decrease of mechanical strength, leather wastes or neem fiber can be used to fill hollow specimen or to separate parts.

Presented by

Syed Ishmam Rakin

Institution

Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Department of Leather Engineering

Keywords

Leather trimmings, tensile strength, compression test

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Available December 20, 2020, 5:30pm-7:00pm (BDT) and December 21, 2020, 5:30pm-7:00pm (BDT)

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Paper ID 134: 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid grafted chitosan-based nanoparticles for delivery of anticancer therapeutic

M. Nuruzzaman Khan*, Salman Bin Aziz Mashrur, Md. Sazedul Islam, Papia Haque, and Mohammed Mizanur Rahman

Abstract

Chitosan is an ideal candidate for the fabrication of biopolymer-based drug delivery system because of its excellent properties; non-toxicity, biodegradability, ease of chemical modifications, and its responsiveness to environmental stimuli. Nanoparticles are effective drug delivery architectures because of the high surface-to-volume ratio, which results in intimate contact with the epithelium, and also because they are able to maintain the integrity and the biological activity of the molecules they encapsulate. Here we report a facile preparation of modifies chitosan-based nanoparticles for potential use as drug carriers. Four different variants were prepared, namely sodium tripolyphosphate-crosslinked chitosan (CS-TPP) nanoparticles, glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan (CS -GA) nanoparticles, chitosan-polymethacrylic acid (CS-PMAA) semi-IPN nanoparticles, and chitosan-polyvinylimidazole (CS-PVIm) semi-IPN nanoparticles, as well as their conjugations with 4-carboxyphenylboronic acid (4-CPBA). The obtained chitosan-based nanoparticles were characterized for various parameters including morphology, particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and stability. The dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis showed concentration-dependent particle size for CS-TPP in the range of 20 -300 nm and for CS-GA in the range of 40-200 nm respectively. The morphology analysis by FE-SEM also confirmed the spherical shape of prepared chitosan based nanoparticle and corresponds to the DLS results. The FTIR results confirmed the conjugation of PMMA and PVIm with chitosan. The conjugation of CS nanoparticles with 4-CPBA was confirmed by FTIR and ninhydrin reaction followed by UV-visible spectroscopy. The 4-CPBA-conjugated nanoparticles have great potential as nano-carrier for the delivery of therapeutics for cancer treatment.

Presented by

Dr. M. Nuruzzaman Khan ID 134 <mnuruzzaman.khan@du.ac.bd>

Institution

Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh

Keywords

Paper No. 134., carboxyphenylboronic acid, nanoparticles, bio-polymer, drug delivery, anticancer drug

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Paper ID 135: Investigation of the Structure and Activity of Class Id Ribonucleotide Reductase Relevant to Vital Therapeutic Interventions

Aditi Dey Tithi, Yead Jewel, Shoeb Ahmed and Jahid Ferdous

Abstract

Ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) is the only known enzyme responsible for the de-novo production of all four deoxyribonucleotides required for Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis. Most of the recent interests in RNR involve the class I enzymes which require the incorporation of different types of metallocofactors. There are four subclasses within class I RNR which differ in the mechanisms used to create an essential free radical. Among all the subclasses of class I RNR, subclass Id which is found in bacteria such as Actinobacillus ureae (A. ureae) and Flavobacterium johnsoniae remains the least studied of all. A. ureae is the primary pathogen in ten cases of meningitis and several cases of pneumonia, peritonitis, and sepsis. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, this study systematically investigates the structure and activity of the catalytic subunit of class Id RNR especially found in A. ureae. Simulation results indicate structural alteration of specificity site of A. ureae class Id ribonucleotide reductase in absence of Mg2+ ions in the system indicating presence of Mg2+ ions is crucial for RNR to function properly. Global conformation remained almost the same as indicated from radius of gyration and RMSD of the whole protein. These results facilitate our understanding of RNR which may provide a new rationale for developing novel antibiotics towards RNRs in this pathogenic microorganism.

Presented by

Aditi Dey Tithi

Institution

Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology

Keywords

MD simulation, Ribonucleotide reductase, Enzyme structure, Structural biophysics

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Available December 20-21, 5:30-7 PM BDT

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